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Active Directory Ou Permissions Report – When you need to harden your account for security, it’s a good idea to take a look at the Active Directory ACL Permissions report. Also, these reports can work great if you want to compare AD ACL permissions across accounts. This article shows how to export AD ACL permissions to CSV and HTML using PowerShell.
Do your organization’s user accounts have the correct AD permissions? For security reasons, we recommend that you check:
Active Directory Ou Permissions Report
The ADACLScan.ps1 PowerShell script is a tool with a GUI used to create access control list (DACL) and system access control list (SACL) reports in Active Directory. The script is written entirely in PowerShell.
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PowerShell scripts have a lot of great features. However, the function we want to use is:
Download the ADACLScan.ps1 PowerShell script (directly) or (GitHub). Put it in C:scripts folder. Export and save ACL permissions to C:temp folder.
Run PowerShell as administrator. Then change the path to the scripts folder. Then run the ADACLScan.ps1 script.
Go to your user account. Click on CSV file and enter the CSV file destination C:temp. Click Run Check.
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You learned how to export AD ACL permissions to a CSV file using PowerShell. The ADACLScan.ps1 PowerShell script is what you need to export ACL permissions. Great script that works as intended.
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ALI TAJRAN is an avid IT architect, IT consultant, and Microsoft Certified Trainer. He started in information technology at a very young age and his goal is to teach and inspire others. Read more »Active Directory Recon is gaining new popularity as attackers, Red Teamers, and penetration testers realize that control of Active Directory gives them authority over their organizations.
From the perspective of the Blue and Red Teams, the 2016 Black Hat & DEF CON talk covered enumerating privileges in AD using PowerView (by Will @harmj0y).
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This post details how privileged access is delegated in Active Directory and how best to find out who has what privileges in AD. When conducting Active Directory security assessments for our customers, we thoroughly research Active Directory, map relevant privileges to privileges, and map those privileges to appropriate groups (or accounts).
I’ve been drafting this post for a while now, and now that Bloodhound supports AD ACLs (Will @harmj0y & Andy @_Wald0!), it’s time to get more into AD permissions. The examples in this post use the PowerView PowerShell cmdlets.
The problem is often determining what access each group actually has. Organizations often do not fully understand the full impact of the access a group actually has. Attackers leverage access (not always privileged access) to compromise Active Directory.
A key point that is often overlooked is that permissions on Active Directory and key resources go beyond simple group membership and consist of the combined permissions a user has:
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Enumerating group memberships makes it easy to find privileged accounts in Active Directory, but often does not tell the full story. Members of Domain Admins, Administrators, and Enterprise Admins obviously give full domain/forest administrator rights. Custom groups are created and access to resources is delegated.
Account Operators: An Active Directory group with basic rights for domain users and groups, and rights to log on to domain controllers.
The Account Operators group grants users limited account creation rights. Members of this group can create and modify most types of accounts, including users, local groups, and global groups, and members can log in locally to domain controllers.
Members of the Account Operators group cannot manage Administrator user accounts, administrator user accounts, or the Administrators, Server Operators, Account Operators, Backup Operators, or Print Operators groups. Members of this group cannot modify user rights.
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The Account Operators group applies to versions of the Windows Server operating system listed in the Active Directory Default Security Groups by operating system version.
By default, this built-in group has no members and can create and manage users and groups in the domain, including its own members and members of the Server Operators group. This group is considered the Service Administrators group because it can modify Server Operators and can modify domain controller settings. As a best practice, leave membership in this group empty and do not use it for delegated administration. This group cannot be renamed, deleted or moved.
Administrators: A local or Active Directory group. AD groups have full administrator rights to Active Directory domains and domain controllers.
Members of the Administrators group have full and unrestricted access to the computer or, if the computer is promoted to a domain controller, members have unrestricted access to the domain.
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The Administrators group applies to versions of the Windows Server operating system listed in Active Directory Default Security Groups by operating system version.
The Administrators group has a built-in ability to give members full control over the system. This group cannot be renamed, deleted or moved. This built-in group can control access to all domain controllers in that domain and change membership in all administrative groups.
Membership can be modified by the default service administrators, members of the domain’s Domain Admins, or Enterprise Admins groups. This group has special rights to take ownership of any object in the directory or any resource on a domain controller. This account is considered the Service Administrators group because its members have full access to domain controllers in the domain.
Changed default user rights: Allow logon via Terminal Services was present in Windows Server 2008 and has been replaced by Allow Logon via Remote Desktop Services.
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Allowed RODC Password Replication Group: An Active Directory group (including user and computer accounts) whose members can have domain passwords cached on the RODC after successful authentication.
The purpose of this security group is to manage the RODC password replication policy. This group has no members by default, which results in a condition where new read-only domain controllers do not cache user credentials. The Denied RODC Password Replication Groups group contains various high-privilege accounts and security groups. The Denied RODC Password Replication group replaces the Allowed RODC Password Replication group.
The allowed RODC password replication groups apply to Windows Server operating system versions listed in Active Directory Default Security Groups by operating system version.
Backup Operators: Local or Active Directory group Members of the AD group can back up or restore Active Directory and have logon rights to domain controllers (default).
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Members of the Backup Operators group can back up and restore any file on the computer, regardless of which privileges protect that file. Backup operators can also log on to and shut down the computer. This group cannot be renamed, deleted or moved. By default, this built-in group has no members and can perform backup and restore operations on domain controllers. Membership can be modified by the default service administrators, the domain’s Domain Admins, or the Enterprise Admins group. You cannot modify members of the Administrative Group. Members of this group cannot change server settings or modify directory configurations, but have the necessary permissions to replace files (including operating system files) on domain controllers. Because of this, members of this group are considered service administrators.
The Backup Operators group applies to versions of the Windows Server operating system listed in Active Directory Default Security Groups by operating system version.
Certificate Services DCOM access groups apply to Windows Server operating system versions listed in Active Directory Default Security Groups by operating system version.
The Cert Publishers group applies to Windows Server operating system versions listed in the Active Directory Default Security Groups by operating system version.
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Members of the Distributed COM Users group can start, activate, and use Distributed COM objects on the computer. The Microsoft Component Object Model (COM) is a distributed, platform-independent, object-oriented system for creating interactive, binary software components. The Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM) allows you to deploy your application where it works best for you and your application. This group appears as a SID until the domain controller becomes the primary domain controller and holds operations master roles (also known as FSMO).
The Distributed COM Users group applies to versions of the Windows Server operating system that are listed in Active Directory Default Security Groups by operating system version.
DnsAdmins: A local or Active Directory group. Members of this group have administrative rights to AD DNS and can run code via DLLs on domain controllers acting as DNS servers.
Members of the DNSAdmins group have access to network DNS information. The default permissions are: Allow: Read, Write, Create All Child Objects, Delete Child Objects, Special Permissions.
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